Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive procedure used to provide longer-lasting relief from certain types of chronic neck and back pain, particularly pain arising from the facet joints of the spine. RFA uses controlled radiofrequency energy to target the small sensory nerves responsible for carrying pain signals from these joints.
For patients who have not found enough relief with treatments such as medication, physical therapy, or other conservative care, RFA may offer another option without surgery.
How Does RFA Work?
Before RFA is recommended, diagnostic medial branch blocks are typically performed to help confirm that the targeted nerves are contributing to your pain. If these temporary blocks provide meaningful relief, your physician may recommend RFA as a longer-lasting treatment.
During the procedure, a specialized needle is carefully positioned near the targeted nerve using image guidance. Controlled radiofrequency energy is then applied to interrupt the nerve’s ability to transmit pain signals.
What Can RFA Treat?
RFA is commonly used for facet-related pain in the neck and lower back. Facet joints are small joints located along the spine that provide stability and allow movement. When these joints become a source of pain, patients may experience persistent neck or back discomfort that can interfere with movement and everyday activities.
Your physician will evaluate your symptoms, examination findings, imaging, and response to diagnostic blocks to determine whether RFA is an appropriate treatment option.
What to Expect
RFA is performed on an outpatient basis using image guidance for precise placement. Some temporary soreness or discomfort around the treatment area may occur afterward.
Relief typically develops as the treated nerves stop transmitting pain signals and, for patients who respond well, can last for several months or longer. If pain returns over time, your physician can evaluate whether repeat treatment is appropriate.
Supporting Better Movement and Function
Reducing persistent spine pain can make everyday movement, exercise, and rehabilitation more manageable. RFA may be used alongside physical therapy and other non-operative treatments as part of a broader plan to improve comfort, mobility, and function.